Impact Of Globalization On Economic And Political Growth

Global Business Environment Introduction This paper investigates the impact of globalisation on the economic and political growth. For several years the economic instability and high levels of income inequalities and poverty have hurt Brazil. Domestic market had positives impact on Brazil in order to stable the economy. How Has Politics Impacted Global Business in Brazil 2. Globalisation 2.1 Definition of globalisation Globalisation is the process of communication and mixing between governments, people and companies of different nations in term of increasing international of financial market also various market of goods and services. They focus on mainly forces that are backing the method of globalisation which they are the liberation of capital movements such as opening global market to trade, investment. Therefor this process has effect on environment, culture, and political systems OECD Handbook on Economy Globalisation Indicators, 2005). The design and level of internationalisation has changed over centuries, which the old authorities have declined and the new ones has arise with different equity and policy (Petrella, 1996: 63). Petrella did list some fundamental personalities of globalisation that he states that in globalisation through financial markets that there’s a revolution of consumption that shape cultural products with world consumer markets. †¢ Political: these measure the state of a country political incorporation for example theShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Trade Liberalization On African Countries Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe scholarship examining the extent at which trade liberalization (henceforth refers to as economic globalization) impacts poverty levels is limited. This essay examines the relationships between economic globalization and poverty levels in African countries. For instance, a 2006 UNDP report illustrates that just 7.2 percent of Bayelsa and Rivers State (Nigeria) residents were poor in 1980, but in 2004, the poverty index figures rose exponentially to 44.3 percent; Nigeria’s national rural povertyRead MoreGlobalization And Globalization1050 Words   |  5 PagesInternational Political Science for Public Health Practitioners Seminar Course: 221.614.01 CLASS PAPER Topic Choice 18: â€Å"On balance, globalization expands rather than contracts opportunities for economic prosperity around the world.† Why do you agree or disagree with this statement? Please support your answer with appropriate examples. Globalization has impacted almost every part of the modern world; it can be characterized by economic, political, and cultural integration. Economic globalization refersRead MoreGlobalization : The World Of Politics And The Human Population1648 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization influences many aspects of human life, it is a process of change, the process of collaboration and integration among the people and businesses of different nations, it is a process propelled by trade, investment and technology. The process of globalization has great purpose for bring people together and sharing ideas however, it has effects on the environment, culture, the economy, politics and the human population (Globalization 101). Globalization has effected the environment dueRead MoreGlobalization Is Not An Irreversible Process1502 Words   |  7 Pages Globalization has become a clichà © in everyday habit, the idea is not new. The initial trend of globalization took place between 187 0 and 1914. This was triggered by a combination of falling costs in transportation and a reduction in trade barriers, which opened up the possibility for a productive use of land .This wave of globalization ground to a halt in 1914. Despite unprecedented growth in the economy and the reduction in poverty, the impact of globalization on inequality withinRead MoreGlobalization and International Finance, Questions and Answer1533 Words   |  7 Pagescountry(ies), article, etc)? Please explain in detail your topic selection. Globalization is defined as moving towards a world in which barriers to cross-border trade and investment are declining; distance is shrinking due to new advance in transportation and telecommunications technology, material culture is starting to look similar the world over; national economies are merging into an interdependent, integrated global economic system (Hill). The word itself. â€Å"globalize†, appeared in the 1960s meaningRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Pakistan s Economy978 Words   |  4 PagesSYNOPSIS Topic: Globalization and its impact on Pakistan’s economy Submitted to: Miss Ayesha Submitted by: Syeda Fatima Nadir Semester: 6 Major: Economics Introduction: Globalisation is the process of internationalRead MoreThe World Regional Geography Textbook1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe World Regional Geography textbook describes globalization as the growth of interregional and worldwide linkages and the changes these linkages are bringing about (pg. 30). Globalization has had a mainly positive impact on people around the world, however there have also been negative impacts, too. It affects the political, economic, social, and cultural aspects of the world positively and negatively. Politically, globalization started mostly because of colonization which also helped shapeRead MoreGlobalization Is Not A New Concept1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe growing interdependence of an economy on the others is the growing norm of the world’s society. Why the countries are dependent on one another? Can’t they survive isolated from the rest of the world? The answer is laid upon the term Globalization. The globalization is not a new concept; it even existed even thousands of years ago. However, it became much popular in the nineteenth century most prevalently after the world war when the economies around the world tend to grow and develop outside itsRead MoreEssay on Globalization: Sharing Our Prosperity With the World1388 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is the growing interdependence of the worlds people that involves the integration of economies, technologies, and cultures (Bradshaw). It is described as the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and money across national borders that have led to the increased interconnectedness among the world. Globalization is often thought of in economic terms but as we know there are three major components implicated with this idea including: economics, politics, andRead MoreGlobalization : A Short History1720 Words   |  7 Pagesworld today are seen less superior and most likely to keep peace and order rather than starting violence. In Jujen Osterhammel and Niels P. Petersson’s book Globalization: A Short History, they investigate what led to globalization. They discuss events in history starting from the 1800s to the cold war era and what events led to globalization. Osterhammel and Petersson describe every event in details that have led to the w orld we live in today. From there discussion, it is seen that Europe was a dominating

Wk2Assgn - 706 Words

Application Week 2- Daniel Johnson Walden University Children develop quickly at a young age. Young children under the age of six are capable of making thoughtful decisions about their behavior and environment (Epstein, 2003). They may even try to explain their behavior to others. In the case of Josh, a three year old boy that I will use for my observation and assessment project, social skills are still in the process of being developed and he hasnt begun to really start speaking at this point. After interviewing Joshs parents I was told that Josh says very few words and doesnt speak at all in sentences. He does, however, include himself socially with other children and plays easily with them. He understands English and Spanish. His†¦show more content†¦Observation Plan Joshs parents are concerned that Josh is developing slower than his peers in the social development category because of his lack of communication verbally. I explained to his parents that I will observe his behavior over a few week period in a social setting in the late morning at the child care center in the gym while the mother is working out. She says that this will be the best place to observe his behavior in a social setting because there are several other children there that are the same age as Josh. The mother states that Josh is alert most of the time. He wakes easily and can go to sleep easily or stay awake late if the need arises. The parents want to know if he is developing socially at the same rate as his peers or if they should be watching closer for any signs of special needs. The other concern that the parents mentioned was regarding Josh being observed. They wanted to make sure that this would be done without Josh realizing that I was observing him. I assured the parents that he would not know that he was being observed. I will be looking to see how Josh engages and interacts with other children in the child care room at the gym. I will see if he tries to speak while he is playing with them and if he shows any type of aggression or retraction from being around others. The parents state that Josh will throw things without any warning and for no apparent reason. I tried to ease their minds by

Renewable and Sustainable Accounting Theory and Current Issues

Question: Discuss about the case study Renewable and Sustainable for Accounting Theory and Current Issues. Answer: Nature and value to society Bio Sustainable Feeds, an Australian listed firm engaged in the bio- research activities on sustainable aqua- culture feeds. The firm is engaged in the research work since two decades based on the plant feed like canola, corn, soya-bean, sunflower and other similar feeds. The research process incurred approximate cost of AUD $360 million out of which around AUD $120 million was destructed because piscavorian fish which is of high value failed to develop. The research work in the year 2016 included the conversion of low value fish into high value fish at the rate of 10.0 kg into 1.0 kg, which involved the destruction of 1/3rd of the total fish and resulted in sixty percent of the final weights grown based on the fish feeds. Aquaculture provides an essential value to the society across the globe because most of the population survives on meat and fish based diets. With respect to protein, fibers, carbohydrates that are important component of nutrients and energy in the human diet, aquaculture feed for fish based feed and plant based feed are increasing enormously (Newsom and Hovanitz 2015). Australia is one of the fastest growing countries in aquaculture industry and Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd. is a developed firm involved in innovative solutions to support the agricultures that satisfies the basic needs of society. There has been major research and marketable development in the aquaculture industry for consumption of high quality food crops at affordable price. Aquaculture feeds involves agriculture and cultivation of sea fish and sea plants that contains high fibers and protein, which is a key ingredient, required for growth and maintenance of body (Martin, Maris and Simberloff 2016). Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd. is engaged in the bio- research of aquaculture feed based on plant and fish feeds that enhance the quality of food crops for human consumption. Food is the basic need of society with proper balanced nutrition and vitamins including fish or fish oil that consists of high protein and vitamin helps to develop the human growth in every perspective. In a country like Australia, a large population of the society survives on sea food that includes fish feed and sea plant feed along with other food crops. Plant feeds include crops like corn, soya bean, sunflower, canola while fish feeds include salmon, tuna, trout etc. are the essential food crops for the human society. Hence, it is important to have these crops available with high value and at lower costs so that all class of human society can afford to consume the same. BSF Ltd. have taken steps in this regard to convert low value fish feed into high value fish feed as well as pest controlled plant feed so that the society can consume the best quality food crops. Problems with the research Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd, Australian firm engaged in the research and development of aquaculture feeds on plant and fish based feeds since almost two decades investing AUD $360 million in the year 2016. However, the research was not hundred percent successful and consequently AUD $120 million exhausted because of the demolishment of high value fish. Apart from that, approximately 30% of the total weight of high value fish died in the process of research other than the 5% of death in low value fish. With the given information, the significant problem of the research reflected in diversion of quality in growing the food crops for human consumption. Such diversion was due to conversion of low value fish feeds into high value fish feeds that demolishes the quality and protein content of the fish. Another problem with the research was that the conversion of fish feed would incur huge costs for research and development process and accordingly, the crops would be available at high costs. Hence, it would be beneficial for rich society and not for the moderate or meager society and might put them at risk of undernourishment. Fish farming is a hectic procedure with regard to procedure of breeding the high value fish that contains protein, fiber and carbohydrates for serving the food crops for consumption of human society. Apart from that, sea plant farming is also considered to be critical and complex procedure with respect to the extraction of seeds, edible crops. Both the farming invol ves high cost of research and development to get a fruitful result (Jassim, Limoges and El-Cheikh 2016). Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd also faced the similar problems during its research process for the plant feeds and fish feeds. The initial cost of research included AUD $360 million which could not be utilized to the extent of AUD $120 million. Further, the firm expected to incur a cost of around AUD $200 million for the development process. Such high costs and complexities in the research and development process for aquaculture feed creates problem in accurate and effective result. Along with the high cost structure, the research on aquaculture is also time-consuming. BSF Ltd. is engaged in the research process since two decades that involves the conversion of low value fish into high value fish along with the plant based feed. Moreover, the research process also involves approval of Food and Drug Administration of the respective territory, which can also be time- consuming. Hence, the problem of research for BSF Ltd also incorporates the necessary legal approval from the authorities. The research process should be done by considering the safety measures of the sea breeds to maintain the quality of food crops for human consumption. Therefore, BSF Ltd. needs to consider these major problems with respect to the research process of various feeds of aquaculture. Nature and differences between Research Development Research and Development is a process of Business Corporation that involves investigative activities a company or firm conducts to enhance its existing goods and services or for incorporating new business. Research and development is a process of finding and implementing the concepts, processes and designs of the goods and services to operate the business (Shukla 2015). Differences between Research and development Research process involves investigation and discovery activities for new products and services and for existing products and services to develop with new features. On the other hand, development involves the process of implementing the research work to the products and services. Research is a phase associated with the discovery of the concepts of a product life cycle whereas, development is associated with entire process of planning, designing, creating, modifying and marketing of the new or existing products and services (Blevitt et al. 2016). Further, research is a process that includes exploring and study of the ideas, knowledge and concepts for various subject matter, products or services. Besides, development involves executing the findings of research work to produce the goods and services. Research process is the initial step to be followed by a business that is followed by development processes (Moses et al. 2015). Accounting of RD Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) 138 Intangible Assets regulates the accounting of Research and development costs. The standard states the costs included to record in books of accounts if the following elements are identified: The cost of materials and services used in the process of research Salaries, wages or commission or any other costs related to research work Depreciation charges of the equipment used Any other costs that is directly attributable to the research work. According to the AASB, any costs related to Research and development should be recognized in the books of accounts as expenditure incurred except the amount of deferment as incurred during the phase of research and development. Further, costs incurred during the period of research and development should be deferred to prospect years only if it produces future benefit. Such deferred costs are required to amortize over the future years of accounting in proportion to the use research process (Wagner 2015). In case of receipt of Government Grant for the purpose of research process to meet the costs which have been deferred, such amount received as government credit should be deducted from the carrying value. If the grant received with respect to the research and development expenses written off, the amount received should be credited in the profit and loss account (Hein et al. 2015). Following disclosures with respect to research and development should be made in the financial statement: Deferred amount of research and development costs at the end of the accounting period and The basis on which deferred costs of research and development have been amortized. Reasons of difference Many companies and entities are engaged in the process of research and development to take on new and uncertain projects either to start the business or to expand the same. Since the corporate infrastructure and other business elements in the entities or firms are large in number, it becomes difficult to differentiate research and development components. Differentiation between research and development process and costs reflects a clear picture of investigated and discovered resources, costs and outcomes. Further, according to International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 38 capitalization of research cost is permissible but the cost of development is allowed to capitalize partially. It states that the development cost can be capitalized for the equipments or processes until the period they actually put into use. Hence, it is essential to categorize research and development for transparent and efficient recognition in the financial statements (Endraria 2015). Reason of engaging in RD Firms acquire competitive advantage to procure unique ways of operating business and producing goods, which requires good amount of investment in research and development. It provides the organization with Unique Selling Point (USP) and right to posses patents which is a legal protection to prevent the chances of producing duplicate products by other companies. Research and development investments also provide benefits for tax credits, new opportunities, and enhanced reputation (Komori 2015). Fair market value patent Patent is an intellectual property falls under the category of Intangible assets related to technology that many organization use. It is an intangible asset since it does not have physical essence and it provides long-term value to the owning firm. Valuation of patents is an important and critical activity for the management of the companies since it helps in taking strategic decisions for assets as well as commercialization of products. Therefore, patents should be valued and recognized at fair amount and in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) 138 as well as International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 38 Intangible Assets (Han and Sohn 2015). There are different methods of valuation of patents like cost-based method, income based method, market based method and option based method (Suh 2015). However, AASB 138 specifies that the patent should be recognized at the initial stage whether purchased or self- created if the following conditions are satisfied: It is apparent that the future economic profit attributable to the companys assets will flow into the company and The cost or value of asset can be measured accurately. If an intangible asset is with finite useful life, then the cost of patents is to be amortized over useful life with zero residual value. Additionally, the amortized period and method are subject to review at the end of each accounting year. Further, if the patent no longer provides the economic benefit or if it provides lower value, then it should be reviewed for impairment and accordingly carrying cost of the patent should be decreased (Mauck and Pruitt 2016). However, according to International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 38, the recognition and measuring the value of patent is in accordance with the year of amortization period. The residual value of patents shall be presumed as zero and the amortizing amount of future years shall be determined at present value by using appropriate discounting rate. Along with that, the organization is required to review for any impairment from time to time. If there is any impairment loss is determined then the carrying amount should be decreased by the value of impairment loss. In order to determine the impairment of intangible asset the management is required to examine the internal as well as external indicators (Jun, Park and Jang 2015). In the given case study, Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd, the expected net market value of the patent is AUD $ 700 million if it is sold in 2 years or AUD $ 200 million each year having the useful life of 10 years. Expected net market value of the Patent Amortized period Discount rate Amortization Amount- year 1 Amortization Amount- year 2 Adjusted Amount in the accounting year $ 700 million 2 years 8% p.a. 350 324.1 350 $ 200 million per year for 10 years if produced and sold and adjust for two years 10 years 8% p.a. 200 185.2 385.2 Table 1: Valuation of Patent (Source: Created by author) If the patent is used for 10 years, the total expected market value would be AUD $2000 million but the amortization value is to be adjusted for two years. According to AASB 138, the initial cost of patent is measured only if it is probable that the future economic benefit will flow to the entity. Apart from that, BSF is engaged in research work for two decades so it would be appropriate for the firm to consider a patent having 10 years of useful life. Therefore, the fair market value of the patent would be AUD $2000 million with 10 years of useful life is AUD $1311 at discounting rate of 8%. Market value-Each year $ million Discounting factor 8% Present value $ million 200 0.926 185.200 200 0.857 171.400 200 0.794 158.800 200 0.735 147.000 200 0.681 136.200 200 0.630 126.000 200 0.540 108.000 200 0.500 100.000 200 0.463 92.600 200 0.429 85.800 Total 6.555 1311.000 Table 2: Fair value of Patent (Source: Created by author) Journal entries for the RD transactions from 2013 to 2016 Journal entries for the research and development transactions in the books of Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd from the accounting year 2013 to 2016 are as follows: Year Particulars $ AUD million Dr. Cr. 2013 Bank A/c Dr. 500.00 To Government Grant Received A/C 500.00 (Being government grant received from Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization for research and development work in the year 2013) Year 1 Research Development cost Dr. 340.00 To Bank A/C 340.00 (Being the amount spend on research work during the year 2013 to 2016) Year 2 Research Development cost Dr. 160.00 To Bank A/C 160.00 (Being the amount spend on research work during the year 2013 to 2016) 2016 Research Development cost Dr. 360.00 To Bank A/C 360.00 (Being the amount spend on research work during the year 2016) 2016 Loss on Research Development Dr. 120.00 To Research Development A/C 120.00 (Being the amount of research work lapsed because a high value fish could not thrive during the research work) 2016 Equipment A/C Dr. 200.00 To Research Development A/C 200.00 (Being development cost for research work expected to incur has been capitalized) 2016 Patent A/C Dr. 1,311.00 To Bank A/C 1,311.00 (Being fair market value of Patent with estimated useful life of 10 years has been capitalized during the year) 2016 Amortization Expenses A/C Dr. 385.20 To Patent A/C 385.20 (Being value of Patent has been amortized in proportion to the useful life of 10 years and adjusted for two years) 2016 Profit and Loss A/C Dr. 385.20 To Amortization Expenses A/C 385.20 (Being amortized expenses of patent has been transferred to Profit and Loss A/C during the year) Table 3: Journal Entries (Source: Created by author) According to the principles and standards of Australian Accounting Board, any grant received from the government is recognized only if such grant is actually received by the entity and fulfils the condition attached to the grant. According to principles of AASB 138, amount of grant received shall be recognized as an income during year. In the present situation, BSF Ltd received AUD $500 million on the condition of spending at least AUD $100 million during the year. Since, the company has incurred AUD $340 million and AUD $160 million during the period of three years, the amount of grant received from Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO, Federal Government of Australia) shall be recorded in the year 2016. Further, the company expected to spend AUD $200 million as development cost during the year, it shall be capitalized with research and development account in the year 2016. However, the mode of expense is not clearly mentioned in the case therefore the amount has been capitalized against equipment based on the assumption. With respect to the valuation and accounting of Patent acquired by BSF Ltd, patent with expected net market value AUD $200 million per year having useful life of 10 years has been considered. According to AASB 138 and IFRS 38 on Intangible Assets, the value of patent is recognized at fair market value, if available and shall be amortized in proportion to its useful life. The value of patent with useful life of 2 years is not considered because in general terms, patents have longer useful life. Hence, the present market value of Patent having 10 years of life is recognized and measured using discount rate of 8%. Additionally, the value of Patent has been amortized in the proportion of its useful life of 10 years but the same has been adjusted for two years as per the requirement of the given case. Assertion Patent is an exclusive right and intellectual property granted by the ruling state to an investigator for a finite period on disclosing the complete details of the invention and research work. Patent is a right that distinguishes the process of production or products from that of others with respect to the designs, process and production of goods and services. It is an Intangible asset granted by the regulating government on verification of the viability and authentication of technology used by the inventor for the research work (Kanodia and Sapra 2016). In the given case study, Bio Sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd, a bio- research firm acquired patent for the purpose of research on sustainable aquaculture feeds based on plant and fish feed since two decades. The management of the firm contended that the value of patent was predicted on the basis of exclusive control over the technology used for the research of bacteria- based feed. The values of patent is required to be derived by considering various aspects like economic analysis, technological processes, business of firm and purpose of research work. It should be valued on the basis of the purchased cost or fair market value whichever is evident and clearly available. BSF Ltd is engaged in the bio- research to generate and improve the quality of food crops using sea plants and sea fish. The firm works on the process of conversion of low value fish into high value fish, which involves critical technological research process. Further, the firm incurred loss on conversion process and expected to incur another AUD $200 million for the purpose of development. According to the principles of Australian Accounting Board and Patent Law Board, the valuation of patent is done by considering the cost approach, income approach and market value approach. Cost approach involves the replacement cost of the value of patent. In other words, the cost of replacement refers to the value a prospect buyer would be willing to pay at present, to replace such item. On the other hand, income approach states that the value of patent will be determined using present value of incremental cash flows for the useful life of patent. The present value of the patent is determined using a prevailing discount rate. Firms consider market value approach for the valuation of patents, if the other two approaches i.e. Cost approach or income approach are not ascertainable. This approach is considered only if the fair market value is clearly and reliably ascertainable. Further, the firms should consider market value if there are proper and authenticated evidences available for such valuation (Strumickas and Valanciene 2015). Therefore, the contention of BSF Ltd. management is partially correct because they predicted the value of patents based on the exclusive control over the technology of bacteria based feeds. The management is required to value patents based on the incremental cash flows or cost approach in accordance with the AASB and IFRS. It is given that the expected net market value of the patent is based on two useful lives 10 years and 2 years. Patent with 2 years of useful life is valued at AUD $700 million and with 10 years it is valued at AUD $200 each year. Considering the principles and standards of International Accounting Board, Patent is valued at 10 years of useful life with AUD $200 million each year, which was measured at AUD $1311 million as present value. Reference List Blevitt, J.M., Hack, M.D., Herman, K., Chang, L., Keith, J.M., Mirzadegan, T., Rao, N.L., Lebsack, A.D. and Milla, M.E., 2016. A Single Amino Acid Difference between Mouse and Human 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) Explains the Speciation and Differential Pharmacology of Novel FLAP Inhibitors.Journal of Biological Chemistry,291(24), pp.12724-12731. Endraria 2015, "Effect Of Accounting Lecturer Lecturer Commitment To The Development Of Professional Accounting Empirical Study Lecturer Accounting Faculty Of Economics University Of Muhammadiyah Tangerang 2013",International Journal of Scientific Technology Research,vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 206-213. Han, E.J. and Sohn, S.Y., 2015. Patent valuation based on text mining and survival analysis.The Journal of Technology Transfer,40(5), pp.821-839. Hein, L., Obst, C., Edens, B. and Remme, R.P., 2015. Progress and challenges in the development of ecosystem accounting as a tool to analyse ecosystem capital.Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,14, pp.86-92. Jassim, S.A., Limoges, R.G. and El-Cheikh, H., 2016. Bacteriophage biocontrol in wastewater treatment.World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,32(4), pp.1-10. Jun, S., Park, S. and Jang, D., 2015. 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Aquatic biomass (algae) as a future feed stock for bio-refineries: A review on cultivation, processing and products.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,47, pp.634-653. Dinh, T., Eierle, B., Schultze, W. and Steeger, L., 2015. Research and development, uncertainty, and analysts forecasts: the case of IAS 38.Journal of International Financial Management Accounting,26(3), pp.257-293. Dinh, T., Kang, H. and Schultze, W., 2015. Capitalizing Research Development: Signaling or Earnings Management?.European Accounting Review, pp.1-29. Grimaldi, M., Cricelli, L., Di Giovanni, M. and Rogo, F. 2015, "The patent portfolio value analysis: A new framework to leverage patent information for strategic technology planning",Technological Forecasting Social Change,vol. 94, pp. 286-302 Gu, L., Zhou, Y., Ren, L. and Yan, W., 2015. Analysis of occupational demand for patent agents in China-Based on the network data of recruitment.Journal of Scientometric Research,4(2), p.77. Gupta, S., 2015. A review on feeding and breeding biology of Systomus sarana (Ham.-Buch., 1822); a threatened fish of Indian subcontinent.World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences,7(4), pp.295-301. Jin, H., Chen, Z., Lin, Z. and Cohen, S.D., Adobe Systems Incorporated, 2015.Optical flow accounting for image haze. U.S. Patent 9,031,345. Jukanti, A.K., Gowda, C.L., Rai, K.N., Manga, V.K. and Bhatt, R.K., 2016. Crops that feed the world 11. Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.): an important source of food security, nutrition and health in the arid and semi-arid tropics.Food Security,8(2), pp.307-329. Lapinski, M.K., Funk, J.A. and Moccia, L.T., 2015. Recommendations for the role of social science research in one health.Social Science Medicine,129, pp.51-60. Rossi, C., Cricelli, L., Grimaldi, M. and Greco, M., 2016. The strategic assessment of intellectual capital assets: An application within Terradue Srl.Journal of Business Research,69(5), pp.1598-1603. Saunders, A. and Brynjolfsson, E., 2016. 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Career Development Programs Support Retention

Question: Discuss about the Career Development Programs Support Retention. Answer: Introduction: This paper attempts to explain the human resource best practices in a fashion company known as Pearl collections by analyzing the six stages of the employee lifecycle. These six steps include; recruitment selection, orientation onboarding, employee services, talent development retention, performance management and transition. This essay will then examine how these cycle stages contribute to Pearl collections and also the implementation process. Human resource best practices are one of the human resource management models pioneered by Pfeffer who advised when put into practice would improve the performance of an organization(Pfeffer, 1998). Best practice according to Boxall and Purcell's, emphasizes the vitality of empowering an employee's ability through right staffing and training, offering strong financial incentives and providing an open and engaging environment where the employees can share ideas and participate.(Purcell, 2003) It is important to understand that applying a few human resource best practices in one company, industry or corporate culture may not necessarily yield the same results or be the right practice in another. The methods highly depend on the demographic makeup of a company, size, resources available, socioeconomic factors, location, regulatory and legal environment. Understanding employees and what might engage them to perform better should is vital before implementing any strategy. The HR Reporter shares the culture of Zappos to be crazy in that they believe in having fun at work to the extent of asking employees to dress up as superheroes. The employees who are disengaged are paid to leave the company which may be a huge number as not everyone might be comfortable with it (Kreissl, 2013). At Carswell, a favorite activity that makes the workplace more fun is their annual ice cream day and this according to management is a fun little program that drives employee engagement. The culture at Zappos and Carswell when compared are entirely different, and various people might share both positive and negative feedback on them. These examples prove that not every policy, practice or program will work at every company hence the importance of internal and external analysis of the organization. Recruitment and selection are the first stages of the employee lifecycle and are, therefore, the foundations for human resource management. Pearl Collections pride itself to be an attractive employer that recruits locally whenever a boutique opens, one that cares about gender inclusivity, diversity, employee growth, health, and safety. During this stage the human resource manager analyzes the job, its role, creates a person specification which consists of the skills and qualifications required, experience, and comes up with a remuneration package. This process follows advertising, shortlisting and then selection of the preferred candidate while taking into consideration passion, attitude and behavior as the essential characteristics. To aid in recruitment, Pearl uses a few agencies who prescreen the candidates on the level of position, education, and skills. This process gives the company an upper hand regarding maximized exposure and increases the number of applicants for various po sitions. According to PRADA Group, the information collected during the selection process strictly relates to the authentication of the professional profile being sort, while respecting candidate's personal opinions(PRADA, 2007). This open dialogue gives the applicant room to be open minded and share his/her views openly enabling the human resource department to get a comprehensive analysis. The second stage of the employee lifecycle is orientation onboarding. PeopleAdmin shares that Onboarding is a process and orientation is an event and that a sound onboarding process spans from one to two years(PeopleAdmin, n.d.). Pearl collections believe in carrying out successful orientation and onboarding processes as the transition ensures success on the candidates part which impacts on the company. Pearl is aware of the importance of enabling a candidate to reach his/her full potential hence carries out the orientation process accurately and concisely. The HR department issues the candidate with information on the company, appropriate forms, takes the candidate around to meet other agencies and promotes communication. The onboarding process conveys the brand, values, professional culture, product knowledge and sales techniques and expectations to the candidate and provides tools to aid in his or her productivity. To ensure employees are well taken care of, Rag Bone has an HR t eam of six individuals which is fundamental to its growth strategy and research shows that they excel at recruitment with high-profit margins (Pike, 2015). Employee services as an employee life cycle stage are benefits offered to employees by employers to instill their loyalty and prevent them from leaving for greener grass. The fashion industry is known to rotate employees and to keep them from jumping ship; Pearl collections complies with the legal departments of all states, offers medical insurance, a life insurance plan, disability insurance, offer paternity and maternity leaves, holidays and sick leaves. As the company is keen on being relevant, it is planning to open a child care area in one of the spare rooms to enhance productivity and to also introduce a wellness program by offering reimbursable gym membership costs which could reduce health care costs through promotion of healthier lifestyles. At HUGOBOSS, healthcare is a significant factor, the company cafeteria follows a balanced nutrition plan, and the company has a fitness studio offering courses in back training and aerobics which increase staff retention rates (HUGOBOSS, 2012). Talent development retention is the fourth employee cycle stage, and it is crucial to both engagement and the output of the company. Key elements of talent and leadership, development, strategies and best practices are key under this stage. Pearl endeavors to involve itself in talent development by continuously grooming and upgrading the employees by attracting the right staff, providing the latest technology, sensitizing them on how to excel, use of rewards and incentives, motivation, empowerment and offering career advancement opportunities. The company understands that high employee turnover is a problem hence the strategies aid in developing a sense of loyalty by investing in the employees. Rag and Bone has an employee-led development scheme which enables the employees to take charge of their development by providing tools and resources to get their employees thinking ahead about their careers and not waiting for their managers to develop them(Pike, 2015). Performance management as the fifth employee cycle stage is strategic with the aim of ensuring employees are contributing positively to the objectives of the business using a range of HR activities and processes. Pearl has customer care indicators that are used to gauge employee performance standards. These indicators have a collection of customer surveys, focus group discussions and customer complaints. Pearl recognizes it gets successful when the relationship between managers and employees is one of fairness, trust, good communication and contains an open door policy to enable generation and utilization of ideas. Pearl is keen on fostering good performance management because it helps every staff; understand the path of the business and what it wants to achieve. The standards of performance required, everyone's role in helping the company accomplish its goals. Understand how they can develop their performance and contribute to the growth of the organization and also where there are performance problems and how to handle them. The PRADA group encourages management and employees to take up responsibilities, to work, win challenges and achieve corporate objectives. This entrepreneurial culture recognizes, promotes and rewards the pro-activeness of the individual and teamwork. This cultural contribution aid in the achievement of the company's strategy and adopting consistency and responsibility traits(PRADA, 2007). The sixth employee life cycle is transition which is the process when an employee leaves a company on retirement, better opportunity, getting fired, being laid off or due to personal reasons. It is, therefore, the work of the HR to manage the transition process by ensuring the following all procedures and processes. Pearl's HR department has an employee development plan in place to aid in the smooth transition. This plan contains a list of the employee's pending projects with a step by step process detailing actions this individual will take to finish the tasks. The HR follows up with the employee in the days following the day of departure. A form is shared with the employee for him/her to share honest opinions on their views about the company, reasons for leaving and areas for improvement. The HR delegates the tasks that cannot be completed before the employee's departure to other employees either do it or manage it until they hire a replacement. According to Forbes, Ron shares an e vent where a senior manager, unannounced and fired his employee and directed all his questions to the HR who at the time was ill prepared. This manager had for the last six months given the employee positive feedback and claimed his firing grounds on the lack of teamwork. This behavior as Ron further explains probably generated a major lawsuit and he calls it an extreme example (Ashkenas, 2013). In conclusion, human resource best practices are one of the most dominant ways for a business to ensure the creation of value for the customers especially at Pearl collections and our profitability. The apparel industry is highly dominated and competitive, and by putting into place the six stages of the employee lifecycle, our relevance reinforces our strategic position. Pearl's measurement of success relies on low employee turnover, employee satisfaction, enhanced performance, career growth, increased responsibility, high levels of customer service, competency, high profits, improved morale, access to information, communication, self-improvement and existence of development programs just to name a few. In the future, Pearl collections are determined to continue offering fashionable items at quality prices and expand by opening more boutiques in various countries as our profitability and growth are on track. References Boxall, P., Purcell, J. (2003).Strategy and human resource management(1st ed.). London: Palgrave Macmillan Education. Code of Ethics(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.pradagroup.com/documents/governance/code_of_ethics_en.pdf Fashion Companies Need to Rethink Their HR Function.The Business of Fashion. , from https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/the-strategic-importance-of-hr Forbes Welcome. (2013).Forbes.com. , from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ronashkenas/2013/03/11/if-you-have-to-fire-an-employee-heres-how-to-do-it-right/#3c954ad0151f Gomez, M. (2014).How Career Development Programs Support Employee Retention.Td.org. from https://www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Career-Development-Blog/2014/10/How- Career-Development-Programs-Support-Employee-Retention Hennes Mauritz (HM), AN HRM CASE STUDY. (2009) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://colbournecollege.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/7/9/23793496/5385hrm_case_study_0.p df How to manage performance | Advisory booklet | Acas.Acas.org.uk. Retrieved from https://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2927 Kreissl, B. (2013).What exactly are HR best practices? | Canadian HR Reporter.Hrreporter.com. , from https://www.hrreporter.com/columnist/hr-policies- practices/archive/2013/04/22/what-exactly-are-hr-best-practices/ MANAGEMENT REPORT. (2011) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://group.hugoboss.com/files/HUGOBOSS_GB2011_Lagebericht_En_AGAbschluss.p df Pfeffer, J. (1998).Seven Practices of Successful Organizations(2nd ed.). California. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jeffrey_Pfeffer/publication/265114424_Seven_Practices_of_Successful_Organizations/links/56cbb52b08aee3cee54192bc.pdf Thompson, S.Human Resources Life Cycle.Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/human-resources-life-cycle-62078.html Types of Employee Services.Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-employee-services-2802.html What is employee transition planning?.Reference. Retrieved from https://www.reference.com/business-finance/employee-transition-planning- 46898c77ac071e75 What is Onboarding Exactly? - PeopleAdmin.PeopleAdmin. Retrieved from https://www.peopleadmin.com/2013/01/what-is-onboarding-exactly/

Cadbury and Kraft Merger

Free Essays on Hells Angels

The People Mother Warned You About During World War II, a group of military planes roared across Europe’s skies known as Hell’s Angels. The people in these crews were tight knit gentlemen. Not a single drunkard in the group of pilots. They helped many times in defeating the enemies in the islands. In 1948, a punk on the streets of San Bernardino stole the name and used it for his motorcycle gang that defied authority wherever they spread. From then on whenever someone hears the name Hell’s Angels, you think of nothing but bikes, beers, babes, and brawls. In the beginning Sonny Just wanted to find a group of guys who liked to ride motorcycles and would come together at the first sign of trouble, much like a family would. Finding new recruits to put through this process was a long and toilsome task. Recruits had to undergo a long period of evaluation to prove that they would never let their brothers down and always support the club, no matter what (Walter Kern 1). Along the way the Hell’s Angels found themselves in direct opposition with the law, and always for a variety of reasons. The ties of brotherhood were strong though, should any Hell’s Angels member have a run-in with the law, all of the present Angel’s members were expected to help in some form or another. Whether that meant posting bail money, or hiring a legal team to fight the charges. The concept of a family was definitely present in their organization, unlike other groups where at the first sign of trouble everyone scatters. Fighting the Hell’s Angels soon became like fighting an angry swarm of bees intent solely on protecting the hive from any and all external forces that may approach (Walter Kern 1). California is still the holy land to all Hell’s Angels members, but like any good club they’ve expanded. They now have about 2,100 members in about 193 chapters worldwide. Some chapters are in South Africa, Belgium, and Canada. In fact a ... Free Essays on Hell's Angels Free Essays on Hell's Angels The People Mother Warned You About During World War II, a group of military planes roared across Europe’s skies known as Hell’s Angels. The people in these crews were tight knit gentlemen. Not a single drunkard in the group of pilots. They helped many times in defeating the enemies in the islands. In 1948, a punk on the streets of San Bernardino stole the name and used it for his motorcycle gang that defied authority wherever they spread. From then on whenever someone hears the name Hell’s Angels, you think of nothing but bikes, beers, babes, and brawls. In the beginning Sonny Just wanted to find a group of guys who liked to ride motorcycles and would come together at the first sign of trouble, much like a family would. Finding new recruits to put through this process was a long and toilsome task. Recruits had to undergo a long period of evaluation to prove that they would never let their brothers down and always support the club, no matter what (Walter Kern 1). Along the way the Hell’s Angels found themselves in direct opposition with the law, and always for a variety of reasons. The ties of brotherhood were strong though, should any Hell’s Angels member have a run-in with the law, all of the present Angel’s members were expected to help in some form or another. Whether that meant posting bail money, or hiring a legal team to fight the charges. The concept of a family was definitely present in their organization, unlike other groups where at the first sign of trouble everyone scatters. Fighting the Hell’s Angels soon became like fighting an angry swarm of bees intent solely on protecting the hive from any and all external forces that may approach (Walter Kern 1). California is still the holy land to all Hell’s Angels members, but like any good club they’ve expanded. They now have about 2,100 members in about 193 chapters worldwide. Some chapters are in South Africa, Belgium, and Canada. In fact a ...

Professionalization of modern sport For Profit or Glory Essay - 1

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Personal Statement for Engineering Course Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Statement for Engineering Course - Essay Example It is my belief that anybody who wants to have a future working in the field of electronics needs to be familiar with and a graduate of that particular course. Specially if one is preparing for a career in Electrical Engineering. I can still recall the very first time that I came to understand the importance of Electronics in our lives. I was a child whose inquisitive mind was indulged by my parents. So they did not think anything of it when they caught me disassembling our transistor radio, my dads calculator, or my moms hair dryer. They knew that my fascination for all things electrical drove me to open things up just to see what made it work and how. My interest in electronics turned out to not be a passing childhood fancy. As I matured I found myself getting more and more interested in the background of electronics and how these various, boards, and circuits managed to come together to create a working, fluid, and super charged electrical circuit. So it came as no wonder when I told my parents that I wanted to study college courses that would lead me towards a career in Electrical Engineering when the time came for me to attend college. Although my parents supported my dreams, they both agreed that I would best benefit from strengthening my electronic background and knowledge first. Hence the 2 year Electrical Installation degree. It really did help prepare me better for my goal of attending an electrical engineering course. I have always been a numerical person and my interest in Math came in quite handy in this case. It seems that Math and Electronics make for perfect bedfellows. Its merging in my personality creates the ulti mate Electrical Engineer in the best possible way. With my Electrical Installation degree tucked under my belt, I feel that I am now in a position to further pursue my dreams of becoming an electrical engineer. With my courses in Application

Assess Benjamin Franklin's contributions to science Research Paper

Assess Benjamin Franklin's contributions to science - Research Paper Example Science is one of the most important fields for development. The world before the 18th century has been described as a primitive world, where people depended on manual ways of during things. The contribution of science was not given the attention it deserved. It was until the 18th century that science became an important field of study for the development of Europe and America. This began with Isaac Newton’s discovery of the law of gravity and light. Newton’s discoveries inspired other scientists, including Edward Jenner and Joseph Priestley who later made important scientific discoveries in medicine and chemistry respectively (Fisher 12). In fact, 18th century comes out as the century that several discoveries were made, including steam engine, cotton gin, mercury thermometer, gas lighting, and hot-air balloon just to name but a few. Benjamin Franklin is among the great American scientists of the 18th century whose contributions in science have been of great importance to the world, several years after his death. Life Benjamin Franklin was born on January 17, 1706 Boston, Massachusetts to a poor family comprising of his father, Josiah who happened to be a candle maker and Abiah, his mother. He was the fifteenth child in their family. Franklin was not lucky to have a formal education. He only managed to attend school for two years before being sent home for lack of school fees (Murre 15). However, since his family was too poor to afford the school fees required, Franklin abandoned school and resorted to helping his poor father in candle making. Nonetheless, since he had interest in having good education, he taught himself how to read and write, as well as how to experiment. Since his family could not afford enough money to feed the entire family, Franklin began working as a printer in Boston to boost his family income. Even though he was working as a printer, he still had a lot of interest in education. As such, he kept reading books and periodicals at night after leaving work (Canada par. 3). The more he continued practicing reading and writing, the more he developed good grammar and style of writing. However, when he was about 17 years of age, Franklin resigned from the print shop where he had been working as a printer. This is after he had gained a wealth of experience in typesetting skills. He then left Boston for Philadelphia, where he arrived very hungry and tired (Murre 18). It did not take him long before getting a new job in Samuel Keimer’s printing shop. Here, he demonstrated great skills, which earned him good salary. At age 22, in 1978, he started his print shop in partnership with Meredith. Few years later at the age of 24 year, Franklin met Deborah, whom he fell in love with, married, and were blessed with two children named Sarah and Francis Folger. His printing business became a great success, transforming him from a poor boy to a wealthy businessperson. In fact, his success in printing business made him become the

Understanding Of The Diversity Of Family Sociology Essay

Understanding Of The Diversity Of Family Sociology Essay The key family types are Nuclear, Extended, Reconstituted and Lone parent. These are the family types that exist in contemporary Britain. The basic premise is that the family structure depends upon social and economical circumstances as such family definition is open to cultural interpretation, norms and values. Whilst the family is adaptable-over the last Three hundred years in Britain, the family has changed and adapted, as we have moved from an agricultural society to industrial society. Sociologist George Peter Murdoch who defined the universal Family concept stated: The nuclear family is a universal human social grouping. Either as the sole prevailing form of the family or as the basic unit from which more complex forms compounded, it exists as a distinct and strongly functional group in every society The concept of the pre industrial extended family is somewhat of a misrepresentation when you consider death rates of working class families. The extended family is referred to as vertical extensions; Aunts, uncles, cousins and siblings -grandparents, children, and grandchildren who all live together, are referred to horizontal extensions the sexual relationships, and are monogamous within the extended and nuclear family. Polygamous relationships do exist within extended family, although this is predominately within specific cultures and religions. Examples being in the Moslem faith the act of polygamy are still practised; further more there are Christian sects such as the latter Day Saints who still practise polygamy, although such relationships are not legal within the European or American laws. The extended family can also be viewed as that of an extension to the nuclear family thru the inclusion of elders, such as grandparents, as many loan parents are female and they may well life or near their mothers, creating a matriarchal family extended unit. Extended reconstructed family, is considered to be when two opposite sex, or same sex adults with dependent children, either marry or cohabitate: thereby forming a reconstructed family over wise known as step families. Therefore it is not surprising that the most rapidly growing family type is that of the Reconstructed / stepfamily. Statistically most children stay with their mothers when their parents either divorce or separate so most children in a reconstructed family have step fathers this brings in to question the social as opposed to the biological care and nurture. It is quite common in British contemporary society for cohabitation of unmarried parents. The average is 31% of all parents as quoted (http://www.esrcsociet ytoday.ac.uk/ESRCInfoCentre/PO/releases/2004/june/stepfamilies.aspx) In contemporary society British society today Lone parenting is still predominately female orientated, however not exclusively as there has been a steady rise in men taking on the role of lone parenting estimates are that an average 11% of lone parents are now men. Attitudes in society have changed towards the lone parents. Nonetheless they are still passively ostracised from main stream society, by the media and government: as being less able, and a drain on society this is a view most commonly associated with conservatism as such in todays society the conservatives plan to introduce a tax that benefits the traditional stereo typical nuclear family which will effectively penalise both cohabiters and lone parents. www.telegraph.co.uk//conservative//Tories-5-billion-tax-breaks-for-married-couples-benefit-rich-most.html therefore in reality stigma still exists for lone parents. Single mothers were not socially acceptable in pre industrialised Britain, nor early industrialised any off spring were sent to childrens homes. There are notorious examples of how the mother and children were often treated, and can be found in Irelands History of Catholic unmarried mothers (http://www.catholicherald.co.uk/reviews/r0000523.shtml. Functionalists believed in a theory that the nuclear family is a positive social institution. Their view point is one of conservatism, which asserts it meets the needs of a contemporary industrial society. Functionalist emphasise that the ideal family type in modern society, is that of a traditional nuclear family. Their view of the nuclear family comprises of a worker husband and stay at home wife and 2.4 children. US sociologists have developed this approach, in particular Murdock, Parsons and Goode. The functional perspective on the family identifies a number of functions families will characteristically carry out: reproduction, socialisation, nurture, family hierarchy and family emotional support. Talcott Parson was a leading American sociologist in the 1950s who believed that the family was structured on the stabilisation of the adult family members and the socialisation of children. Based on a series of complex social structures and roles that needed to be adhered to achieve maximum family, social and cultural gratification -The social system consists of three systems a personality system, a cultural system and a physical environment to which the individual and society must adjust. Parsons model of key systems and sub systems further developed to define four functional prerequisites these are adaptation, to a physical environment, goal attainment, the ability to manage one self and resources to achieve its goals and obtain gratification, integration, the ability to form skills and ways to deal with differences and finally latency to achieve comparative stability. Each system consequently develops four specialist subsystems to be able to meet these mental and physical requir ements. There four systems are cultural, social, personality and biological- these systems are further broken down to four subsystems, these being (in hierarchical order) the socialisation system, the institutions of social control and integration, the political system goal attainment and the economic system adaptation. The feminist view on family is diverse, as the feminist school of thought has many layers from the liberal to the radical each having very different perspectives on family and the impact of family on woman, family and society. In general all feminists have been critical of the effects of family life on women however these views are dramatically different if not diametrically opposed. Liberal feminists reject the concept that family lives are reflections of the economic structure of society. They believe that the cultural and social aspects of male/female inequality are central to an understanding of the feminist issues. It is fair to say that most feminists believe that the family unit oppresses women and keeps men in power. This is based on the belief that society is patriarchical (male dominated) Patriarchy is defined as the combination of ideologies, cultural practices and systems which keep men in power. The three types of feminism liberal, Radical and Marxist aim to challenge patriarchy in different ways: Liberal feminists believe that the family is in essence institutionalised sexism, because its supports the mainstream culture which is also sexist. They advocate change through legislation and education. Jennifer Somerville a Liberal feminist http://soc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/31/4/673 asserts that the Radical and Marxist feminist have failed to take in to the account the changes in society that have enabled woman to enter the work force as equals to men, nor the social changes that removed the restrictions on females, such as child care, and the running of the home have changed. Men in society today, are far more likely be involved in the care and nurturing of their respective children and many men now enjoy the shared responsibility of caring for the child and home. The man is no longer elevated to the head of the house; as such equality in the home and family is being achieved. The Radical Feminist Kate Millett (Sexual Politics, 1971 argued that Sociology examines the status quo, calls it phenomena, and pretends to take no stand on it, thereby avoiding the necessity to comment on the invidious character of the relationship between the sex groups it studies. Yet by slow degrees of converting statistic to fact, function to prescription, bias to biology (or some other indeterminate) it comes to ratify and rationalise what has been socially enjoined or imposed into what is and ought to be. And through its pose of objectivity, it gains a special efficacy in reinforcing stereotypesFunctionalists, like other reactionaries, are out to save the family. Radical feminists view the family and men as the enemy within, which is both insidious and damaging to woman. Radical feminists believe that patriarchy is the central starting place of division in society. Essentially men exploit women as husbands, partners, sons and brothers. This manipulative relationship is reflect ed in the family; in which women do all the work for the benefit of men thus reinforcing the capitalist bourgeois ideology. Men are viewed as the enemy by radical feminists who have created a divide within the feminist ranks, as they believe that no female should be dominated or controlled, and the only way to achieve this, is to not participate in any sexual relationship with men. Valerie Bryson (1992) who bases her feminist philosophy as Marxist, argues all radical feminists see the oppression of women as the most fundamental and universal form of domination whilst this view is polarised within radical feminist thinking, it cannot be seen as definitive or even based in the feminist combined ideology. The Marxist feminist perspective argues that the principle source of division in society is class therefore the exploitation of women is indispensable to the continuation of capitalism The family produces and nurtures the next generation of workers at no cost obvious cost to the capitalists system woman doing housework is an unpaid role, which benefits the capitalist, woman were also viewed as cheap labour, before the equality laws were originally implemented in Britain in 19 75 which has gone thru many iterations, and the latest sexual equality act http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/corporate/pdf/equalityimpactassessment.pdf was published in 2007. The earliest view of the family developed from a Marxist perspective is contained in Friedrich Engelss The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (Engels, 1972, first Published 1884) Engels stated that: The monogamous bourgeois nuclear family developed to help solve the problem of the inheritance of private property men needed to know who their children were in order to pass on their property to their heirs .The family is therefore designed to control women and protect property Freindrich Engles views the nuclear family as a creation of capitalism, specifically designed as patriachical, its primary purpose is to ensure and perpetuate male domination and power through the male only inheritance of land and property It therefore served the interests of capitalism to keep woman economically and socially of less value to society than men. The Marxist feminist view the tasks carried out by woman as reaffirming male dominance therefore house work, child care, cooking and emotional support are seen as detrimental to woman. Women also provide the sexual and emotional support to the husband or partner, in doing so the role is seen as one of submission to the hierarchy of the male head of family. Christine Delphy and Diana Leonard described the everyday situation of family as familiar exploitation however every example could be seen as simply supportive and part of a loving relationship. Todays family in contemporary Britain is made up of different family groups, cultures, ethnicity, class and economic status. There are more isolated nuclear families, which have either migrated to Britain, or moved geographically within Britain families who will have their own norms and values, based on cultural, religious, class or economics which they will bring with them, and incorporate in to their new life. Lone parents who work, as well as mothers from the traditional nuclear families who work, as a financial necessity or a career option. Same sex parents, who now have the same marriage and parenting rights as heterosexual parents. More people live together before marriage, children born outside marriage; all of these are now norms and values socially and culturally. Family and the definition of whats constitutes family and who actually benefits from the family has not changed. We create life and then teach our children. Families provide the care and nurturing essential to th e learning of who we are, and where we form, what has changed is the is open to personal need and interpretation. Essentially the choices of how family is defined are to fluid in their nature and to diverse, to be able to any other than a personal preference of how to live. Nor should government or society be so prescriptive and controlling to impose. In reviewing the different family types, mainly all have positives and negatives however when reviewing Murdochs assertion that every society had a form of the nuclear family , this was incorrect, as both Nayar and Kibbutz proved that the function of family can be performed equally in a society other than the western defined confines of the nuclear family structure. Different cultures, values and norms, create variations of family and also place different importance on the family status in society. In todays society we have many variations of family, same sex families, same sex lone parents, and same sex adoption. As such the traditional term of family is used incorrectly as an outdated social ideal. The world has changed and the attitudes to parenting specifically in Britain have changed. There have been several significant social developments which have brought about changes in social norms and values. The supporters of the nuclear family believe the benefits of the nuclear family are its conservative core norms, and values which underpin the moral, wellbeing of society. They also consider anything else as a failed form of the nuclear family. The traditional roles of men as the breadwinner, and woman as the happy and fulfilled house wife, staying at home, looking after the children is the theme they most project. The Media use this image of happy family relationship, between all ages groups, every day in concepts and products, actively promoting the nuclear family as the social aspiration to happiness, success and fulfilment- the paradox is that in reality many mothers and fathers in todays society, have no choice, because it not a financially viable option, as they would not be able to house or support their selves or their child/children with just one salary. Moreover the woman may be the chief breadwinner, and the husband would then have to embrace role reversal in the nuclear f amily and be a stay at home dad there has been an increase in men staying at home to fulfil the role of house husband, however it is still predominately a female responsibility to care for or arrange alternative care, for children in the nuclear family. The pre industrialised class and economic status had a significant effect on who lived or died an example being if the family was wealthy a land owner, they may well have a more favourable environment in which to increase their chances of survival, although they were still affected by such diseases as the Black Death (Yesinia pestis ) which over a period of two years killed between 30-40% of the entire population of England in both 1348 and 1605. Twice as many poor children died as rich children; the poor in the country were at the mercy of poor harvests, bad weather famine and infections. Also fatalities were higher in the towns where sanitation and overcrowding in poor areas encouraged the spread of the virus. Given that the pre industrial pre-plague population of England was in the range of 5-6 million people, fatalities may well have exceeded or reached as high as 2 million. Urbanisation or isolation neither could supply the basic needs of the poor, so its unlikely that any chi ld surviving the age of sixteen had an extended family, due to the circumstances that they were born in too. Their functionalist view of the family is ideological and unrealistic, as it does not represent a reality of ever changing family, cultural, economical and demographic factors of life and work If nothing else the functionalist view can be seen as a plausible aspiration for some conservative idealists it is however not a viable option for all family types. Equally from a Marxist perspective, the fact that its wrapped in gender and equality issues and that the feminists have such diverse diametrically viewpoints yet have also provided the vehicle for such positives changes in womens rights and social equality, it has to be held up as the champion of woman, yet also recognised as having done its job. Over the last 100 years in England, woman from all classes, ethnicity and culture have gained the right to vote; in the last 50 years working class woman gained entry to university, the right to divorce, and the right to birth control. These changes have impacted society to its very cor e; challenging the definition of the nuclear family and the society it fits into. Religion is slower to change its views on the Nuclear and industrial vision of the nuclear family: for instance where the Catholic Church is politically, ideologically and (possibly) economically powerful, the promotion of marriage, and the ban on contraception have significant consequences for the family, in terms of such things as: size, domestic violence, traditional male/female roles. This ensures the women are still disenfranchised and that emancipation of woman still exists in contemporary modern society. In todays society family is a hot topic. In last 60 years, there has been significant social and cultural change. There is however multiple issues as the pace of change has not be controlled or understood before being implemented. In conclusion its difficult to blithely wrap family in to one perspective, the reality is that there is no ideal family unit and common sense, pragmatism, social, cultural and economical factors must all be taken in to consideration. The western capitalist perspective of the nuclear family, extended family, same sex family or lone parent, do not necessarily translate to other cultures or societies. Equally the views of the feminists do not agree on female equality, or the emancipation and disenfranchisement of woman in todays society. Young girls and boys nurtured by their parents will determine the values and norms relating to their roles in latter life. Woman do have self determination in Britain today this provides the choices necessary on how they live their lives, be that in a nuclear family, in a same sex relationship or as a lone parent. If is impossible to make a definitive choice, as what benefits to the family as a whole, is to provide equal partnership, respect for both genders and a secure loving environment- in saying that domestic violence, drugs alcohol could all present as negatives. The liberal feminist stance resonant as the most pragmatic and balanced view whilst the radicals and Marxist feminist views are polarised in a gender war.

Essay --

What is the Better Purchase: LCD TV or Plasma TV? We live in a world of choice. In each moment, we are presented with the opportunity to choose from an array of options. The truth is, though, that we do not always make our choices consciously. Sometimes, instead of choosing what is best for our personal requirements, we fall in the trap of commercial tricks and purchase a product we do not need. When we want to make a choice based on facts and objective reasoning exclusively, we need to methodically analyze and compare each product based on the criteria that we value. In this essay, I will try to do just that when choosing between the two most popular types of TV’s – LCD and plasma. When entering the technical department of any supermarket or a high-tech store, many people ask themselves whether a LCD TV is better than a plasma TV or vice versa. To answer this question, we need to compare the two products based on several relevant technical criteria. From a layman’s eye, LCD and plasma TVs may look alike; however, a keen eye will notice the difference between these sets. These differences permit customers to have a manifold of choices based on their particular requirements. A plasma display comprises of two glass panels packed in compartmentalized spaces, with many small plasma cells. Plasma cells are normally charged to a precise electrical voltage level (Kith, Plasma TV Components). On the other hand, an LCD display is comprised of aqueous crystals that are normally preset between two panels of glass (Reed, Architecture of the TV). Displays are further enhanced by utilizing electricity voltage on the LCD TV set panel. As a result of such technical differences, a conclusion can be drawn that plasma TV sets are better in comp... ...y suit a hi-tech apartment of a young business person. Consumers should remember a couple of basic tips when choosing one type of TV over the other. For instance, if you want to fit a TV set into a huge space, then a plasma TV will do better due to the wider viewing angle and the lower price of big sizes. The debate about which TV set is better is far from over. In the end, the question lies more in the hands of the consumer. Next time you buy a plasma or LCD TV set, do not be surprised if your neighbor criticizes your choice. References: 1. Kith, Hendrick. Plasma TV Components. Hallwork Publishing. 2011. 2. Reed, Melanie. Architecture of the TV. Limpon Press. 2008. 3. Howard, Sarah. TV Comparisons: Modern. Francis Publishing. 2009. 4. Fields, Garry. Price Comparisons of Viewing. The Atlantis Times. 2012. 5. Franz, Liam. TV Statistics. The Seattle Daily. 2013.

Macbeth Act 2 Summary

Summary Macbeth meets Banquo in the courtyard of his castle. Banquo is restless because he cannot decide how he feels about the witches and their prophecies. Macbeth pretends indifference, but casually agrees to talk about it if Banquo would like. They agree, and Banquo leaves. Macbeth again takes time to examine the pros and cons of going through with the plot, and begins to see illusions, starting with a dagger floating in the air in front of him. He seems to go back and forth, but eventually decides to kill Duncan. Enter To come on stage. Court A courtyard, possibly the forecourt. bearing a torch before himFleance is carrying a torch because this scene is set at night. Since the play was originally performed in the open air, in the afternoon, the torch helps us accept that it’s night. she The moon. I take’t, ’tis later I assume that it’s later than midnight. Most people had no accurate way to tell time. Clocks were few and watches had not been invented. There’s husbandry in heaven; / Their candles are all out. husbandry — conservation All the candles of heaven (the stars) are dark, unseen. The night is cloudy. Take thee that too. Banquo asks his son, Fleance, to take something else he’s been carrying, in addition to his sword.A heavy summons lies like lead upon me   . .  . Gives way to in repose! Banquo is tired and wants to sleep, but he can’t. This is a problem, since he knows he’ll worry over unwelcome thoughts if he stays awake. He prays, briefly, that he won’t be bothered by thoughts we naturally would think when we have the time to reflect on things. Give me my sword. Banquo immediately asks for his sword back again, since someone is approaching. It’s dark, so he can’t yet tell it’s Macbeth. Who’s there? Banquo asks â€Å"Who’s there? † — challenging the stranger to identify himself. not yet at rest? Why haven’t you gone to bed?The king’s a-bed The king has already gone to his sleep in unusual pleasure, and / Sent forth great largess to your offices. The king has been in an unusually good mood, and has given gifts in great measure to your household. This diamond he greets your wife withal, / By the name of most kind hostess Here’s a gem the king asked me to give to you, to give to your wife, as thanks for all her kindness as hostess. shut up / In measureless content. The king has now gone to bed in his private chamber, where he is locked in — â€Å"shut up† — for the night, completely happy with the way things are — â€Å"in measureless content. Being unprepared, / Our will became the servant to defect; / Which else should free have wrought. I wasn’t expecting all this (I was unprepared), so I left the dinner early (I â€Å"defected†). Otherwise I would have remained the whole time, and done what anyone would normally have done. Macbeth may be ma king excuses. Possibly he had so much on his mind that he couldn’t be a good host and left earlier than expected. Possibly he just wanted time, alone, to think. All’s well. / I dreamt last night of the three weird sisters: / To you they have show’d some truth. Banquo first says that there’s no harm done.He then invites Macbeth to talk about their meeting with the witches, by stating that he dreamed of the weird sisters — the sisters of Fate — the three witches. He also reminds Macbeth that they have spoken truth so far. I think not of them Macbeth is lying, trying to appear unconcerned. He definitely has been thinking about what the witches have said. Yet, when we can entreat an hour to serve, / We would spend it in some words upon that business, / If you would grant the time. But, if we have nothing better to do, we can talk about that, if you want. I don’t mind.Macbeth wants to conceal how eager he is to talk about this. At your kin d’st leisure. When it’s convenient for you. If you shall cleave to my consent, when ’tis, / It shall make honour for you. If you agree to act with me, join me, when it’s time to do so, you’ll benefit by it. So I lose none / In seeking to augment it, but still keep / My bosom franchised and allegiance clear, / I shall be counsell’d. As long as this doesn’t involve doing anything dishonorable, and as long as I can stay loyal and true, I’ll follow along. My bosom franchised and allegiance clear — my heart belongs to the kingI shall be counsell’d. — I’ll agree to your plans. The difference between the two men is becoming clear — Macbeth is willing to do anything, including murder Duncan, to get to the throne; Banquo won’t even pursue honor for himself if he has to give up any virtue to get there. Good repose the while! Sleep well until we get together to talk about this. Macbeth is probably just covering up, acting naturally. As we’re about to see, he has already decided to act, and probably feels no more need to discuss things with Banquo. Is this a dagger which I see before me, / The handle toward my hand?Come, let me clutch thee. / I have thee not, and yet I see thee still. dagger — sturdy, medium-sized knife, with a blade up to a foot long. let me clutch thee. / I have thee not — Macbeth is trying to grasp the dagger’s handle, but there’s nothing there. Macbeth has begun to see things, guilty visions, even before he has started down the road of murder. He is afraid of the immediate future, afraid of what he is planning to do. Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible / To feeling as to sight? or art thou but / A dagger of the mind, a false creation, / Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?Aren’t you able to be touched, just as you can be seen? Or are you just a vision, an imagined thing, an artifact of a fevered brain? I see thee yet, in form as palpable / As this which now I draw. I can still see you, just as solid-looking as this real dagger I now draw from its sheath. Thou marshall’st me the way that I was going; / And such an instrument I was to use. Your appearance encourages me to pursue what I was going to do (murder Duncan), and I was going to use a dagger to do it, so this must be a true indicator of what lies ahead.Mine eyes are made the fools o’ the other senses, / Or else worth all the rest; I see thee still, / And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, / Which was not so before. My eyes are either worthless (deceived by a false vision), or else they’re the most capable of my senses (able to perceive what my other senses cannot). I still see the dagger, and now I see flowing blood on the blade and handle — that wasn’t there earlier. There’s no such thing: / It is the bloody business which informs / Thus to mine eyes. This is unreal. It’s th e horrifying act I’m contemplating that makes these visions appear.Now o’er the one halfworld / Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse / The curtain’d sleep One half the world is in night, asleep, and nightmares take advantage of dreamers   . .  . witchcraft celebrates / Pale Hecate’s offerings, and wither’d murder, / Alarum’d by his sentinel, the wolf, / Whose howl’s his watch, thus with his stealthy pace. witches dance with Hecate (chief goddess of spells and witchcraft), and murder approaches (alarmed by its sentinel, the wolf)   . .  . With Tarquin’s ravishing strides, towards his design / Moves like a ghost. Tarquin was the son of a Roman king, infamous for his rape of Lucretia.This story has been the subject of many art works, including Shakespeare’s own poem, â€Å"The Rape of Lucrece. † For more information about this story, see the Wikipedia article regarding Sextus Tarquinius. Thou sure and f irm-set earth, / Hear not my steps, which way they walk, for fear / Thy very stones prate of my whereabout Macbeth is asking, dramatically, even the earth to not hear him walking, or know which way he goes, for fear the stones themselves would speak the truth they know — that he’s now going to murder Duncan. This is likely also a reference to Jesus entering Jerusalem — when told he hould quiet his disciples, Jesus responded â€Å"I tell you that, if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out. † (Luke 19:40) Or, in other words, truth cannot be silenced. Macbeth is hoping to evade this proverb. prate — speak, talk And take the present horror from the time, Which now suits with it. Make the present less horrifying than it is. Whiles I threat, he lives: / Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives. While I stand here talking about it, Duncan is still alive. Words are cold and weak, compared to the heat and strength (impor tance) of deeds.I go, and it is done The bell has rung. It’s time to act. It’s settled. the bell invites me The bell summons me. Macbeth is still hoping he can evade at least part of the responsibility for what he’s about to do. Now he’s making the bell partly responsible. Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell / That summons thee to heaven or to hell. Even now, Macbeth half hopes that the murder might not happen after all. He thinks that if Duncan doesn’t hear the ringing of the bell (the knell), maybe he (Duncan) won’t have to die. But Macbeth proceeds, in spite of his doubts and misgivings. AsideIn an aside, the character speaks privately to himself for a moment, or directly to the audience, or privately to some (but not all) of the other characters present. As a matter of convention, an aside is always a true statement of what the character thinks. A character speaking in an aside may be mistaken, but may not be dishonest. An aside (agai n as a matter of convention) cannot be heard by those not spoken to. Exit He leaves the stage. Exeunt Banquo and Fleance. Exeunt — Latin, literally â€Å"they leave. † Banquo and Fleance leave the stage, leaving Macbeth alone with a servant.

How to Write a Resume for a Better Job at Your Company

How to Write a Resume for a Better Job at Your Company You’ve got all the resume basics down, and you hand-tailor each document to the job you want. But what do you do when the job you want is one rung up from the job you already have- at the company where you already work? When applying for internal promotions, you’ll still need to submit a resume- and the stakes are a little bit different than when applying to new places and positions. Remember: if you’re competing with other, outside candidates, you’ll have the leg up of being a known quantity- already orientated, already cleared, already background checked, already there. But you do still want to distinguish yourself from any of your competition.Use this resume to remind your superiors and supervisors of all that you’ve learned and accomplished while in your present position. If effective, after all, they need not look any further!When in doubt, here are a few great strategies.1. Pretend it’s for another company.Even though you know it isnâ⠂¬â„¢t, and you know it has to be different overall, it’s best not to assume that whoever reads this document is going to be intimately familiar with your work. Err on the side of detailing everything you’ve achieved where you are. Make a bulleted list of all of your accomplishments, paying particular attention to instances where you showed initiative or showed off leadership characteristics. Pitch it as though it’s going to a stranger.2. Talk about obstacles.You could also make an itemized list of obstacles you faced- but be sure to also include a description explaining how you overcame each, what you learned, and how you troubleshot any problems that arose.3. Cross-reference.Take a look at the official job posting for the promotion you want. Make a list of everything it asks for. Then match your current professional experience to that list. Highlight every instance where you’re a perfect match, and find a way to address any inconsistencies. Don’t forget to describe your skill set somewhere near the top- make sure your list matches nicely with theirs for the desired position.4. Include everything.Did you take an upgrading course, attend a conference or a workshop, or participate in any continuing education program through your employer? Don’t assume they remember or have a record of your doing so. Put that stuff on your resume as well. And if you took on any additional responsibilities not technically part of your purview, be sure to put these in.5. Add the good stuff.Put in plenty of examples of your going above and beyond, including any awards or official praise you’ve received in recognition of your performance. Show that you’re ready to move up because you’re already operating on that level. Talk about when you mentored or managed a team, and emphasize your leadership skills.6. Start early.If you’re not quite ready to start applying now for your promotion, start amassing this informatio n as you go- rather than trying to rack your brain for it in a few months when you’re ready to submit. Make a â€Å"brag book† of every time you do something noteworthy. It will make compiling your new resume all the easier when it comes time to apply for that internal promotion.

Free Essays on Thai Sex Tour

Thailand’s Sex Tourism In our world today, many nations are still in a struggle in finding methods to be able to support themselves in the aggressive economic environment in which we live in. Tourism for many developing countries has been viewed as a key asset for development as well as international recognition. Many nations within the Southeast Asian region, specifically Thailand, have successfully adopted tourism as a significant factor in the improvement of the nation. According to the World Bank, Thailand has had one of the fastest economic growth rates of any developing country over the last 25 years, making the country an economic leader in developing nations in Southeast Asia. Bringing in approximately 156 billion Baht ($4 billion US), tourism has been the main contributor to the Thai economy. Speaking from my personal experience and knowledge, this revenue has been credited to the many Thai cultural tourist attractions that are located through out different provinces within the country. A key point that has gone unnoticed is the fact that Thailand’s tourism revenues brings in over 60 billion Baht ($1.5 billion US) alone from the sex tourism that is offered in the country. Thailand’s government, at least I believe, has intentionally failed to recognize this in order to refrain from any possible discouragement from visiting the nation. By leaving this information out, much of the general public is unaware of the downsides of the tourist industry. The goal of this paper is to show how sex tourism is a great concern. By using Thailand as foundation, I will prove how this can impact an entire nation and present the social and economic factors that began this sex industry. There are tremendous negative effects to the cultural values and quality of living. Child sex tourism is also another area that I will present that is all interlinked with each other. The government has intentionally left out information and as a resu... Free Essays on Thai Sex Tour Free Essays on Thai Sex Tour Thailand’s Sex Tourism In our world today, many nations are still in a struggle in finding methods to be able to support themselves in the aggressive economic environment in which we live in. Tourism for many developing countries has been viewed as a key asset for development as well as international recognition. Many nations within the Southeast Asian region, specifically Thailand, have successfully adopted tourism as a significant factor in the improvement of the nation. According to the World Bank, Thailand has had one of the fastest economic growth rates of any developing country over the last 25 years, making the country an economic leader in developing nations in Southeast Asia. Bringing in approximately 156 billion Baht ($4 billion US), tourism has been the main contributor to the Thai economy. Speaking from my personal experience and knowledge, this revenue has been credited to the many Thai cultural tourist attractions that are located through out different provinces within the country. A key point that has gone unnoticed is the fact that Thailand’s tourism revenues brings in over 60 billion Baht ($1.5 billion US) alone from the sex tourism that is offered in the country. Thailand’s government, at least I believe, has intentionally failed to recognize this in order to refrain from any possible discouragement from visiting the nation. By leaving this information out, much of the general public is unaware of the downsides of the tourist industry. The goal of this paper is to show how sex tourism is a great concern. By using Thailand as foundation, I will prove how this can impact an entire nation and present the social and economic factors that began this sex industry. There are tremendous negative effects to the cultural values and quality of living. Child sex tourism is also another area that I will present that is all interlinked with each other. The government has intentionally left out information and as a resu...